| Abstract [eng] |
The article analyzes the relationship between the degree of rurality of the territory and human and social capital in 2005-2012. Relying upon the share of inhabitants living in rural areas, we classified 60 Lithuanian municipalities as rural (the share of rural population composes over 60 percent of all inhabitants of municipality: 21 municipalities), semi-rural (the rural population share composes 30–60 percent: 24 municipalities) and urban areas (the share of rural population is 30 percent: 15 municipalities). In regard to foreign and Lithuanian scientific studies, the possibilities to obtain the necessary information from the Lithuanian Department of Statistics, the most suitable indicators were selected which Express the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of human and social capital the best. The indicators of human capital are: the index of natural increase/decrease of population, international migration index, internal migration index, index of ageing, index of self-destructivity behavior, level of education, index of unemployment, and average gross monthly earnings. The indicators for the description of social capital consist of the number of non-government organizations, participation in elections, and the number of communities.The results showed that most indicators of human capital in rural areas are lower than in semi-urban or urban areas, and during the investigation period were getting even worse compared with urban or semi-urban areas. The bigger the rurality of the territory, the lower the amount of analyzed public goods (human capital). The analysis of tendencies showed that it could not be expected to be better in the future. The indicators of social capital show the better results in rural areas. One of the possible explanations for this could be the stronger demand for closer networking in rural areas. |
